The first constraint logic programming language was prolog ii colmerauer 1982, which was designed by colmerauer in the early 1980s. Clp integrates efficient constraint solving methods from algebra, artificial intelligence, operations research and logic. Constraint satisfaction in logic programming is based on research for the centres chip project. Taking a logic programming approach, we define a class of programming languages, the clp languages, all of which share the same essential semantic properties. Constraint logic programming the university of texas at dallas. Constraint logic programming clp has been proposed as a declarative paradigm for merging constraint solving and logic programming. It is desirable for fuzzers to allow targeted generation of pro. Logic programming an overview sciencedirect topics.
By contrast, our notions of constraint logic programs and constraint models is a. Antoni niederlinski a gentle guide to constraint logic programming via eclipse third edition, 2014, 570 p. The semantics of constraint logic programs sciencedirect. An example of a clause including a constraint is a x, y.
The concept of logic programming was first developed in the 1970s. Constraint logic programming aframeworkfor qualitative reasoning. Embedding and interfacing manual, also in pdf format. A restriction mapping engine using constraint logic programming trevor i. Variable ordering value ordering constraint joining and propagation but. Subroutines recursion variable domains are terms including lists and trees. One of the main motivations for constraint logic programming comes from the awkward and nonlogical treatment of arithmetic in prolog. The second approach, called probabilistic constraint logic programming, introduces a loglinear probability distribution on the proof trees of a constraint logic program and an algorithm for statistical inference of the param. Pdf constraint logic programming using eclipse researchgate. This modified text is an extract of the original stack overflow documentation created by following contributors and released under cc bysa 3. Eclipse is one of the leading software systems that realise its underlying methodology. Eclipse a gentle guide to constraint logic programming. Such a system can be represented as a constraint satisfaction problem csp 67.
Last hut not least the appendix presents the overheads of a talk on constraint logic programming given fur the cdlab in may 1990. In this paper we will concentrate on the issues related to the view of higherorder logic programming as constraint logic programming. A constraint system is defined by a set of constraints properties that must be satisfied by the solution of the problem being modeled. Lewiscarroll 18321898,aliceinwonderland three friends, a politician, a doctor and a mathemati cian, started on a summer walkout in the enchanting sile sian beskidy mountains, when the politician noticed a sin gle black sheep in the middle of a grassland. Constraint solving 127,6,56,31 includes a variety of expressive modelling frameworks and e. As a matter of fact languages such as haskell, ml, mercury or. Csclp 2008 constraint solving and constraint logic. Constraint logic programming is a form of constraint programming, in which logic programming is extended to include concepts from constraint satisfaction. William faulkners nonchronological story tellingstyle has long been a challenge to critics and apuzzle to beginning literature students. Arthurschopenhauer17881860,parergaundparalipomena what good are books without pictures and stories. Constraint logic programming proceedings of the 14th acm. This presentation will focus on providing an overview of constraint logic programming and efforts to apply it to. Isbn 9788362652082 the book is an introductory and downtoearth presentation of constraint logic programming clp, an exciting software paradigm, more and more popular for solving combinatorial as well as continuous constraint satisfaction problems and constraint optimization.
In particular, it offers a different introductory view on constraint logic programming and introduces additional examples. Constraint logic programming is a popular interpretation of logic programming, focused on using constraint satisfaction to provide a declarative approach to otherwise intractable problems. Constraint logic programming an overview sciencedirect. Programming in logic with some mention of datalog and constraint logic programming. Dincbas, constraint satisfaction using constraint logic programming, artificial intelligence 58 1992 1159. Constraint logic programming clp can be understood as a generalization of lp where the basic operation of unification is replaced by constraint checking jaffar and lassez, 1987. Constraint satisfaction using constraint logic programming. Constraint logic programming clp is a new class of declarative programming lan. This paper will focus on providing an overview of constraint logic programming and, in particular.
Constraint logic programming clp is the merger of two declarative paradigms. A secured pdf file of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, or stored in. Prolog ii could treat term equations like prolog, but in addition could also handle term disequations. In the following we will rely on the clp scheme of 11, which gener. Past and present and future of parallel and distributed. The three key abstractions are join, recursion, and constraint. Variables, which must be assigned values to reach a solution. Clp integrates efficient constraintsolving methods from algebra, artificial intelligence, operations research and logic. The problem of negative information while the problem of representing and reasoning about negative information is present in all reactive programming languages, it shows up in a. Constraint logic programming an overview sciencedirect topics. Constraint logic programming clp is an attempt to overcome the difficulties of logic programming by enhancing a prologlike language with constraint solving mechanisms. Particular emphasis is on assessing the current state of the art and identifying future directions.
Constraint logic programming is a popular interpretation of logic pro gramming, focused on using constraint satisfaction to provide a declara tive approach to otherwise intractable problems. As both constraint solving and logic programs are based on mathematical relations the merger is natural and convenient. The constraints permitted are possibly existentially quantified conjunc tions of equalities. Prolog language constraint logic programming prolog tutorial. Since a proper tutorial in these ideas would require a much longer paper, only a cursory explanation of key concepts is provided. Constraint logic programming revealed to be a highly declarative speci. Williamshakespeare15641616,asyoulikeit alle beschr. Thus in that case, the constraint model coincides in this case with the usual intended model of the program, namely, the least model. Eclipse was opensourced by cisco under a mozillastyle public licence in. The book constraint logic programming using eclipse by krzysztof apt and mark wallace is a practical introduction to constraint programming and to eclipse, with many examples, appropriate for self study or a onesemester course. It has proved a successful tool in many areas including production planning, transportation scheduling, numerical analysis and bioinformatics. Prolog ii could treat term equations like prolog, but in.
Constraint logic programming an informal introduction, 1993, by thom fruhwirth, alexander herold, volker kuchenhoff, thierry le provost, pierre lim, eric monfroy, mark wallace constraint logic programming. Mark wallace, in foundations of artificial intelligence, 2006. Constraint logic programming aframeworkfor qualitative. Logic programming lecture 27 constraint logic programming frank pfenning december 7, 2006 in this lecture we sketch constraint logic programming which generalizes the. In this paper we will concentrate on the issues related to the view of higherorder. Language fuzzing using constraint logic programming. Syntactically, constraints are added to logic programming by considering a speci. Other examples of instances of the clp scheme are prolog iii 41, that treats constraints over. Any program written in a logic programming language is a set of sentences in logical form, expressing facts and rules about some problem domain.
Domains for the variables, which their values are taken from, constraints on the values that the variables can be assigned. Cpviz specification, see also background paper and presentation. Clp introduction and logical background 1 the constraint programming paradigm 2 examples and applications 3 first order logic 4 models 5 logical theories sylvain. Prolog language constraint logic programming prolog. A gentle guide to constraint logic programming via eclipse. Find the solution to a problem, subject to a set of constraints. Constraint logic programming clp is a merger of two declarative paradigms. First of all notice that if all constraints are equal to. The most popular constraint system in use in con current constraintlogic programming languages is the system that we call hcrbrand.
Protein topology prediction through parallel constraint. Pdf constraint logic programming lies at the intersection of logic programming, optimisation and artificial intelligence. Constraint logic programming, the notion of computing with partial information, is becoming recognized as a way of dramatically improving on the current generation of programming languages. Higherorder logic programming as constraint logic programming. This chapter presents an overview of applications of logic programming, classifying them based on the abstractions and implementations of logic languages that support the applications. Constraint logic programming clp extends logic programming in two ways. The scheme gave a formal framework, based on constraints, for the. The constraint programming paradigm examples and applications first order logic models logical theories part i. A simple and efficient boolean solver for constraint logic. Maher, 1994 constraint programming book, by kim marriot and peter stuckey. The gain is not in the conceptual level but in the e.
Our work in clp has been motivated by our interest in multirelational data mining, and more speci. This collection presents the best of current work on all aspects of constraint logic programming languages, from theory through language implementation. We address the problem of designing programming systems to reason with and about constraints. Constraint logic programming lies at the intersection of logic programming, optimisation and artificial intelligence. Constraint logic programming with finite domains constraint logic programming clp is a generalization oflogic programming lp where unification, the basic operation of lp languages, is replaced by constraint handling in a constraint system van hentenryck 1991. Protein topology prediction through parallel constraint logic. A clause can contain a guard, which is a set of constraints that may block the applicability of the clause. Logic programming is a programming paradigm which is largely based on formal logic. Curiously both of these limitations of logic programming can be lifted using constraints. As an outgrowth of this project, a new language chip that will include consistency techniques has been developed for commercial use. The constraint logic programming clp scheme was introduced by jaffar and lassez 8. Eclipse the eclipse constraint logic programming system. Our extension is based on constraint logic programming clp, so we call the extended language clp.
Constraint loggg gic programming a constraint logic program is a logic program that contains constraints in the body of clauses ax,y. Although a relatively new field, clp has progressed in several quite. Coinductive constraint logic programming neda saeedloei and gopal gupta department of computer science, university of texas at dallas, richardson, tx 75080, usa neda. Concurrent constraint logic programming combines concurrent logic programming and constraint logic programming, using constraints to control concurrency. From a conceptual point of view, clp programs are highly declarative and are soundly based within a unified framework of formal semantics. We show that any prm can be represented as a clp program. Constraint satisfaction in logic programming the mit press. Constraint logic programming clp is one of the most successful branches of logic programming. Encoding is annoying variables limited to finite sets, ints, reals expressive. Using constraint logic programming to analyze thechronology. Constraint satisfaction problems stanford university. A constraint logic program is a logic program that contains constraints in the body of clauses.
Clp aims at combining the declarative aspects of logic programming and constraint solving in an efficient problem solving environment. In this chapter we will give an introduction to constraint logic programming. A restriction mapping engine using constraint logic. A feasible solution of a constraint satisfaction problem is a complete consistent assignment of values to variables. Constraint logic programming clp 7 represents a successful attempt to merge the best features of logic programming lp and constraint solving. Past and present and future of parallel and distributed computation in constraint logic programming volume 18 issue 56 ferdinando fioretto, enrico pontelli.
562 438 1271 205 208 77 1257 1395 1017 63 134 258 532 1235 327 251 249 372 911 306 1217 580 1498 1003 970 716 98 523 13 1606 1421 915 518 1437 395 264 714 981 220 178 1467 208 900 1115